2024-03-29T00:12:07Z
http://digitalcommons.bryant.edu/do/oai/
oai:digitalcommons.bryant.edu:econwork-1001
2007-01-23T15:31:45Z
publication:aaffairs
publication:coas
publication:economics
publication:econwork
Returns to College Education: Analysis on Hispanic Workers
Kim, Jongsung
This paper investigates the trend of the returns to college education and earnings gap between college graduates and non-college graduates of Hispanic workers from 1994 to 2001, and compares the results to the patterns of non-Hispanic White workers. The most striking result is the extremely high returns to college education of Hispanic workers relative to White workers. The significant differences in the patterns of the returns to college education along with higher college premium for Hispanic workers shed a light on which areas public and educational policies should address.
2002-12-01T08:00:00Z
text
https://digitalcommons.bryant.edu/econwork/2
Economics Faculty Working Papers
Bryant Digital Repository
023-006
oai:digitalcommons.bryant.edu:econwork-1000
2007-01-23T15:32:57Z
publication:aaffairs
publication:coas
publication:economics
publication:econwork
Awakening of the New Gender Earnings Gap: A Study of the 1990's Economic Expansion in the U.S. Labor Market
Kim, Jongsung
Defying all rational expectations, the longest expansion in the U.S. economy in the 1990s has failed to reduce the gender earnings gap. Empirical results based on Current Population Survey (CPS) show that the gender earnings gap widened from 1994 to 2001. The pattern of gender earnings gap described by the results of a decomposition analysis, overall and across three broadly defined occupation categories, is extremely consistent, indicating that women were adversely affected in comparison with men during the economic expansion in the 1990s. Although slight, this undeniable failure was not only present in women's relatively weaker economic position as a whole, but it also crossed all occupational boundaries, extending its reach to the workers with blue-collar occupations. The result of a slightly widened gender earnings gap casts doubt on expectation of narrowing of the gap developed over the past several decades. In light of this new finding, future labor policy should focus on changing labor market structure to ameliorate the factors that fail to treat females and males equally to narrow the gender earnings gap.
2001-01-01T08:00:00Z
text
https://digitalcommons.bryant.edu/econwork/1
Economics Faculty Working Papers
Bryant Digital Repository
013-005
oai:digitalcommons.bryant.edu:econwork-1002
2007-01-23T15:30:32Z
publication:aaffairs
publication:coas
publication:economics
publication:econwork
U.S. Gender Occupational Segregation and Earnings Gap in the 1990s
Kim, Jongsung
Using Current Population Survey (CPS) and Census Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS), this paper makes a descriptive inquiry into the changes of gender occupational segregation and the earnings gap in the U.S. labor market during the 1990s. This paper found that throughout the decade, including a brief recession in the early 1990s, there has been an upward mobility in the occupational distribution. More specifically, the occupational distribution has been fairly stable with a slight but consistent increase in the relatively prestigious occupational categories, and a modest but sustained decrease in the relatively less prestigious occupational categories. This finding suggests that the more symmetric occupational distribution between male and female workers, along with upward mobility of female workers, will continue to drive the gain in female workers? earnings - possibly resulting in the narrower earnings differences between male and female workers in the future.
2003-01-01T08:00:00Z
text
https://digitalcommons.bryant.edu/econwork/3
Economics Faculty Working Papers
Bryant Digital Repository
031-001
oai:digitalcommons.bryant.edu:econwork-1003
2008-12-05T02:22:03Z
publication:aaffairs
publication:coas
publication:economics
publication:econwork
Addressing the Low Returns to Education of African Born Immigrants in the United States
Kim, Jongsung
Kemegue, Francis
This paper uses 2000 Census 5 percent Public Use Microdata Sample to investigate the relative earning pattern of immigrants from African countries, and explores the relevance of existing explanations of the low returns to education. The study uses the Extreme Bound Analysis to check the robustness of the variables of interests. The empirical findings from the conventional earnings regression conform to the theoretical expectations. However, not all the variables of interests are robust in Extreme Bound Analysis. This suggests that conventional specifications may not encompass all necessary information. Future study may explicitly controls for more detailed country-specific characteristics of the immigrant-sending countries.
2007-05-15T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.bryant.edu/econwork/4
https://digitalcommons.bryant.edu/context/econwork/article/1003/viewcontent/auto_convert.pdf
Economics Faculty Working Papers
english
Bryant Digital Repository
African immigrants in the United States; returns to education; discrimination
oai:digitalcommons.bryant.edu:econwork-1004
2014-11-06T00:17:00Z
publication:aaffairs
publication:coas
publication:economics
publication:econwork
Convergence, Dynamics and Geography of Economic Growth: The Case of Municipalities in Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
Verner, Dorte
Tebaldi, Edinaldo
Analyses of municipal GDP growth in Rio Grande do Norte in the Northeast of Brazil during 1970-96 reveal that the cross-section dispersion of per capita income increased over time. Although the analysis indicates some spatial dependence in income, it is small and has a downward trend, indicating that the growth path is only weakly determined by geographical links in Rio Grande do Norte. Moreover, dynamic analysis, based on the Markov chain transition matrix, show that the probability of a municipality moving from a poor income class to a rich class is very small and vice-versa. Municipalities located in the middle-income class have high mobility, but there is no strong evidence indicating direction. Public policy should include assisting the rural families by providing them education and training that increases their opportunities for employment. There should also be policies to assist poor and/or unskilled migrants to integrate fully into the modern economy in the urban areas through skill development training and education.
2004-01-01T08:00:00Z
text
https://digitalcommons.bryant.edu/econwork/5
http://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/pdf/10.1596/1813-9450-3302
Economics Faculty Working Papers
English
Bryant Digital Repository
oai:digitalcommons.bryant.edu:econwork-1006
2014-12-02T03:07:55Z
publication:aaffairs
publication:coas
publication:economics
publication:econwork
A Panel Data Analysis of FDI, Trade Openness, and Liberalization on Economic Growth of the ASEAN-5
Mohan, Ramesh
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has contributed heavily to development of the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN). In this study, the concentration is on five ASEAN countries: namely Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Indonesia, and the Philippines. FDI inflows into the ASEAN-5 multiplied spectacularly from 1980 to 1997, but the trend has reversed since the Asian financial crisis in 1997. This paper seeks to examine the contributions of FDI, trade openness, and liberalization to economic growth and development in the ASEAN-5.
2007-01-01T08:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.bryant.edu/econwork/6
https://digitalcommons.bryant.edu/context/econwork/article/1006/viewcontent/Mohan_USA_Paper_EEL_Jan_07.pdf
Economics Faculty Working Papers
English
Bryant Digital Repository
Foreign Direct Investment
Development
ASEAN
oai:digitalcommons.bryant.edu:econwork-1005
2014-12-02T02:50:57Z
publication:aaffairs
publication:coas
publication:economics
publication:econwork
Impact of Technological Innovation Capabilities on the Market Value of Firms
Annavarjula, Madan
Mohan, Ramesh
In the era of globalisation and with the advent of knowledge economies, organisational innovation has assumed a critical role in enhancing economic performance of firms. Proponents of the Resource Based View of the firm and its more recent extensions such as the Knowledge Based View and Dynamic Capabilities Theory have suggested that generation, diffusion and application of organisational knowledge could be the source of sustained competitive advantage and superior performance of firms. While there is near unanimity in accepting the vital role of innovation in a firm's performance, consensus on what constitutes organisational innovation and how to measure it has proven to be elusive so far. Most previous research in this area has conceptualised innovation through one or more dimensions of a firm's innovative capability using R&D of a firm only. The measurement of the construct has thus reflected this narrow conceptualisation with a single measure of R&D expenditure being the most often used proxy. This study utilises a broader de¯nition of organisational innovation capabilities that includes the generation, dissemination and strength of innovative activity in a firm. The unique features of this study is that it uses multiple indicators of a firm's innovation pro¯le along with lagged measures of market value using fixed effects panel data analysis.
2009-01-01T08:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.bryant.edu/econwork/7
https://digitalcommons.bryant.edu/context/econwork/article/1005/viewcontent/JIKM_0803_P241.pdf
Economics Faculty Working Papers
English
Bryant Digital Repository
Innovation; R&D; firm value; panel data
oai:digitalcommons.bryant.edu:econwork-1007
2020-07-21T15:35:20Z
publication:aaffairs
publication:coas
publication:economics
publication:econwork
International Disease Epidemics and the Shadow Economy
Berdiev, Aziz N.
Goel, Rajeev K.
Saunoris, James W.
Adding to the emerging body of research related to the current coronavirus crisis, this paper studies the impact of disease epidemics on the worldwide prevalence of the shadow or the underground economy. The informal sector undermines compliance with government regulations and lowers tax collections. Our main hypothesis is that epidemics positively impacts the spread of the shadow economy. Using data on nearly 130 nations and nesting the empirical analysis in the broader literature on the drivers of the shadow sector, we find that both the incidence and the intensity of epidemics positively and significantly contribute to the spread of the underground sector. Numerically, a ten percent increase in the intensity of epidemics leads to an increase in the prevalence of the shadow economy by about 2.1 percent. These findings about the spillovers from epidemics have implications for economic policies in the current times of coronavirus. JEL-Codes: I150, K420.
2020-07-01T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.bryant.edu/econwork/8
https://digitalcommons.bryant.edu/context/econwork/article/1007/viewcontent/cesifo1_wp8425.pdf
Economics Faculty Working Papers
english
Bryant Digital Repository
shadow economy; epidemics; COVID-19; government; economic development
Economics
Social and Behavioral Sciences
oai:digitalcommons.bryant.edu:econwork-1008
2021-03-31T14:26:49Z
publication:aaffairs
publication:coas
publication:economics
publication:econwork
Remittances, Ethnic Diversity, and Entrepreneurship in Developing Countries
Yavuz, Isil
Bahadir, Berrak
This paper examines the moderating influence of home country ethnic diversity in the relationship between migrant remittances and new business creation in developing countries. By employing the theories of transaction cost, social network, social identity, and trust, we argue that ethnic diversity is negatively associated with new business creation; nevertheless, it strengthens the positive association between migrant remittances and new business creation in developing countries. We test our hypotheses on 64 developing countries over an 11-year period (2006-2016). This paper contributes to entrepreneurship literature by emphasizing the importance of home country ethnic diversity in channeling migrants’ remittances to new business creation in developing countries.
2021-03-01T08:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.bryant.edu/econwork/9
https://digitalcommons.bryant.edu/context/econwork/article/1008/viewcontent/2110.pdf
open access
Economics Faculty Working Papers
english
Bryant Digital Repository
Migrant Remittances
New Business Creation
Ethnic Diversity
Developing Countries
Economic policy
Minority & ethnic groups
Operations research
Organizational behavior
Business
Social and Behavioral Sciences
oai:digitalcommons.bryant.edu:econwork-1009
2022-11-03T19:38:52Z
publication:aaffairs
publication:coas
publication:economics
publication:econwork
Team Incentives and Lower Ability Workers: An Experimental Study on Real Effort Tasks
Freeman, Richard B.
Pan, Xiaofei
Yang, Xiaolan
Ye, Maoliang
Team incentives are important in many compensation systems that pay workers according to the output of their team as well as to their own output, with team bonuses often depending on whether the team meets or exceeds specified thresholds. Yet little is known about how team members with different abilities respond to compensation rules and thresholds. We contrast the performance of lower ability participants and higher ability participants in an experiment with three distribution schemes – equal sharing, piece rate sharing, and tournament style winner-takesall – in settings with and without a team threshold. Workers randomly assigned to equal sharing had higher productivity than those assigned to winner-takes-all and had similar productivity to workers in piece-rate scheme. Output under equal sharing was boosted by the higher productivity of less able workers, possibly motivated by a desire to avoid guilt feelings about letting down their partners, per models of guilt aversion. Given a choice of distribution schemes, participants selected piece rate over equal sharing and favored both of these over winner-takes-all; in addition, a team threshold induced more concern about cooperation and thus greater preference for equal sharing. The findings suggest that organizations with teams of workers with varying abilities are likely to do better if the organization can consider lower ability workers’ responsiveness to sharing in rewards, e.g., to have an equal sharing component in its compensation system when they are strongly guilt averse.
2022-09-01T07:00:00Z
text
application/pdf
https://digitalcommons.bryant.edu/econwork/10
https://digitalcommons.bryant.edu/context/econwork/article/1009/viewcontent/w30427.pdf
© 2022 by Richard B. Freeman, Xiaofei Pan, Xiaolan Yang, and Maoliang Ye. All rights reserved. Short sections of text, not to exceed two paragraphs, may be quoted without explicit permission provided that full credit, including © notice, is given to the source.
Economics Faculty Working Papers
English
Bryant Digital Repository
Economic policy
Economics